冷再生技術(shù)在公路建設(shè)中的應(yīng)用，相對于傳統(tǒng)的路面大修工藝技術(shù)，該技術(shù)具有原水泥路面舊材料100%完全利用、大幅度降低路面標(biāo)高抬升幅度、大大縮短施工工期、環(huán)境污染小、交通影響小、節(jié)約造價約10—15%等顯著優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時解決了道路舊料浪費(fèi)的問題，具有能源消耗少、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)效益好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是一種資源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好型新技術(shù)，有利于促進(jìn)公路建設(shè)綠色高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。

　　The application of cold recycling technology in highway construction has significant advantages compared to traditional pavement overhaul technology, such as 100% full utilization of old cement pavement materials, significant reduction of pavement elevation lifting, greatly shortened construction period, low environmental pollution, minimal traffic impact, and cost savings of about 10-15%. At the same time, it solves the problem of waste of old road materials and has the advantages of low energy consumption and good social and economic benefits. It is a resource-saving and environmentally friendly new technology that is conducive to promoting green and high-quality development of highway construction.

　　冷再生機(jī)械工作原理及工藝

　　Working principle and process of cold recycling machinery

　　再生器的核心是帶有大量特殊刀頭的銑削和混合轉(zhuǎn)子。轉(zhuǎn)子通常向上旋轉(zhuǎn)以銑削所需的路面材料。轉(zhuǎn)子隨著機(jī)器向前行進(jìn)而旋轉(zhuǎn)。同時，水，乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青從再生器通過軟管并噴射到再生器的混合室中。這些液體的量由微處理器控制的泵送系統(tǒng)精確控制。研磨轉(zhuǎn)子將水，乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青與研磨材料混合，并達(dá)到所需的水分含量，以使混合物的壓實(shí)化?；厥占夹g(shù)主要采用原有路面上的專用回收機(jī)，銑削，挖掘，破碎，添加穩(wěn)定劑，水泥，水，乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青。加入骨料，按一定比例均勻混合，然后涂抹并預(yù)壓，然后用輥?zhàn)舆M(jìn)一步壓實(shí)。

　　The core of the regenerator is a milling and mixing rotor with a large number of special cutting heads. The rotor usually rotates upwards to mill the required pavement material. The rotor rotates as the machine moves forward. At the same time, water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt are sprayed from the regenerator through the hose to the mixing chamber of the regenerator. The amount of these liquids is precisely controlled by a microprocessor controlled pumping system. The grinding rotor mixes water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt with the grinding material and reaches the required moisture content to maximize the compaction of the mixture. The recycling technology mainly uses the special recycling machine on the original road surface, milling, digging, crushing, adding stabilizer, cement, water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt. Add aggregate, mix evenly in a certain proportion, then apply and pre press, and further compact with a roller.

　　瀝青混凝土路面冷再生施工準(zhǔn)備

　　Preparation for Cold Recycling Construction of Asphalt Concrete Pavement

　　施工準(zhǔn)備根據(jù)施工設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定，確定下承載層的平整度，致密性和強(qiáng)度。在鋪設(shè)冷再生混凝土之前，可以將瀝青撒在下承載層的表面上，噴灑量控制在每純?yōu)r青0.2-0.3千克之間。測試部分的長度必須控制在200米以上。

　　Construction preparation: Determine the flatness, density, and strength of the lower bearing layer according to the construction design regulations. Before laying cold recycled concrete, asphalt can be sprayed on the surface of the lower bearing layer, with a spraying rate controlled between 0.2-0.3 kilograms of pure asphalt per square meter. The length of the testing section must be controlled above 200 meters.

　　室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)將次混合后的混合物在施工現(xiàn)場的不同部分上取樣并過篩。由于礫石含量差異較大，因此不允許在施工期間對每個部分進(jìn)行水泥用量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試?；诖?，在每個位置混合和篩分混合物使得碎石含量為47％，大于4.75mm。通常，對于不同的水泥劑量，對該材料進(jìn)行壓實(shí)試驗(yàn)，然后獲得水含量和干密度的精確值，然后可以進(jìn)行無側(cè)限抗壓強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)。

　　Indoor testing involves sampling and sieving the mixture from different parts of the construction site after the first mixing. Due to significant differences in gravel content, it is not allowed to conduct standard tests on cement usage for each section during construction. Based on this, the mixture is mixed and screened at each location to achieve a crushed stone content of 47%, greater than 4.75mm. Typically, for different cement dosages, compaction tests are conducted on the material to obtain accurate values of water content and dry density, followed by unconfined compressive strength testing.

　　測量嚴(yán)格遵循原始路面銑刨和混合施工的測量結(jié)果，設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高和再生基層厚度要求。根據(jù)施工現(xiàn)場施工條件，選擇冷再生機(jī)械設(shè)備。在正常情況下，將選擇W2500S冷再生機(jī)，以確保原始路面被破碎，銑削和冷卻到指定的施工深度，以達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)厚度。為了保證冷拌混合料的質(zhì)量，應(yīng)注意冷拌混凝土的施工。

　　The measurement strictly follows the measurement results of the original pavement milling and mixed construction, as well as the design elevation and recycled base thickness requirements. Select cold recycling machinery and equipment based on the construction site conditions. Under normal circumstances, the W2500S cold recycling machine will be selected to ensure that the original road surface is crushed, milled, and cooled to the specified construction depth to achieve the design thickness. In order to ensure the quality of cold mix materials, attention should be paid to the construction of cold mix concrete.

　　施工工藝及控制要點(diǎn)

　　Construction technology and control points

　　施工放樣

　　construction layout

　　根據(jù)銑削后舊路基層的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高，新鋪設(shè)的冷再生混合料基層的設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)和試驗(yàn)段確定的松動系數(shù)，計(jì)算出新基層的鋪設(shè)高程，然后施工放樣。

　　Based on the design elevation of the milled old subgrade layer, the design basis of the newly laid cold recycled mixture subgrade layer, and the looseness coefficient determined by the test section, calculate the laying elevation of the new subgrade layer, and then carry out construction layout.

　　原道路清理整平

　　Clearing and leveling the original road

　　原始路面上的碎屑和積水（包括不需要再生的相鄰車道）并清理邊緣。拆下再生部分上的井蓋和其他類似結(jié)構(gòu)。原始道路的病害，例如翻滾，車轍，下沉，波浪和坑，處理以使原始道路基本上平坦。

　　Remove debris and standing water from the original road surface (including adjacent lanes that do not require regeneration) and clean the edges. Remove the manhole cover and other similar structures from the regeneration section. The diseases of the original road, such as rolling, ruts, sinking, waves, and potholes, should be treated to make the original road basically flat.

　　準(zhǔn)備新加料

　　Prepare new ingredients

　　根據(jù)原始道路再生深度內(nèi)的平均密度計(jì)算每新材料的數(shù)量；根據(jù)每輛車的質(zhì)量或體積。確定每種材料的堆疊距離；根據(jù)水泥用量，計(jì)算每水泥穩(wěn)定層所需的水泥用量，并確定水泥放置的垂直和水平間距。

　　Calculate the quantity of new material per square meter based on the average density within the depth of the original road regeneration; Based on the mass or volume of each vehicle. Determine the stacking distance of each material; Calculate the required amount of cement for each square meter of cement stabilized layer based on the amount of cement used, and determine the vertical and horizontal spacing of cement placement.

　　裝載新材料時，每種材料的數(shù)量應(yīng)控制在基本相等。在同一堆場的區(qū)段中，根據(jù)上述計(jì)算的從遠(yuǎn)到近的距離將材料排放到原始路面的中間。將新材料均勻地鋪在舊路上并檢查新材料是否均勻。

　　When loading new materials, the quantity of each material should be controlled to be basically equal. In the same yard section, discharge the materials to the middle of the original road surface based on the calculated distance from far to near. Spread the new material evenly on the old road and check if the new material is uniform.

　　冷再生拌和

　　Cold regeneration mixing

　　（1）冷再生器推動水輪在原始道路上行駛。行駛速度應(yīng)根據(jù)道路損壞情況和再生深度進(jìn)行調(diào)整，一般為6m / min~12m / min，使銑刨材料的分級波動范圍不大。在嚴(yán)重破裂的部分，應(yīng)該減小再生單元的速度并且應(yīng)該增加銑削轉(zhuǎn)子的速度。

　　(1) The cold regenerator drives the water wheel to travel on the original road. The driving speed should be adjusted according to the condition of road damage and the depth of regeneration, generally ranging from 6m/min to 12m/min, so that the grading fluctuation range of milling materials is not large. In severely fractured areas, the speed of the regeneration unit should be reduced and the speed of milling the rotor should be increased.

　?。?）再生器后，應(yīng)有專人跟蹤，隨時檢查再生深度，水泥含量和含水量。并與再生器操作員進(jìn)行調(diào)整。（3）如果進(jìn)行多種結(jié)構(gòu)，請始終注意搭接接頭的寬度。

　　(2) After the regenerator, there should be a dedicated person to track and check the regeneration depth, cement content, and moisture content at any time. And make adjustments with the regenerator operator. (3) If multiple structures are used, always pay attention to the width of the lap joints.

　?。?）在再生器之后，安排4到5人處理邊線并清潔混合物中的雜質(zhì)和每個起始位置的殘余材料，以防止縱向接縫，橫向接頭，平整度和緊湊性的影響再生材料。

　　(4) After the regenerator, arrange 4 to 5 people to handle the edges and clean the impurities and residual materials in the mixture at each starting position to prevent longitudinal joints, transverse joints, flatness, and compactness from affecting the regenerated materials.

　?。?）施工過程中。如果混合物的級配，再生深度和噴水量有任何問題，應(yīng)停止施工，并在問題解決后繼續(xù)施工。

　　(5) During the construction process. If there are any problems with the grading, regeneration depth, and water spray volume of the mixture, construction should be stopped and continued after the problems are resolved.

　?。?）每次再生的長度是為了確保后續(xù)操作能夠正常進(jìn)行。減少側(cè)向接縫。再生長度（不停機(jī)）一般為150m-200m。

　　(6) The length of each regeneration is to ensure that subsequent operations can proceed normally. Reduce lateral seams. The regeneration length (without stopping) is generally 150m-200m.

　　碾壓整形

　　Rolling and shaping

　　在再生器之后，應(yīng)該接著用于初始壓力的鋼鼓振動壓路機(jī)。高振幅低頻壓實(shí)。壓實(shí)過程的數(shù)量應(yīng)足以確保再循環(huán)層底部的壓實(shí)符合規(guī)定的要求。鋼滾筒的工作速度不得超過3km/h。初始壓力完成后。它應(yīng)該立即用平直線形成一條直線。平地機(jī)從兩側(cè)平整到道路中心；在平曲線部分中，平地機(jī)從內(nèi)向外變平。如有必要，再次刮去。滾動被壓到正面的中間，從輕到重。從慢到快，超高的部分從內(nèi)到外滾動。滾筒破碎必須超過兩個接縫部分，每個部分從鋪設(shè)到滾動完成控制在2小時內(nèi)。在滾動時，嚴(yán)禁在成品或滾動路段上轉(zhuǎn)動頭部和制動器。破碎結(jié)束后，滾筒不應(yīng)長時間停留在路基上。

　　After the regenerator, a steel drum vibratory roller should be used for initial pressure. High amplitude and low frequency compaction. The number of compaction processes should be sufficient to ensure that the compaction at the bottom of the recycling layer meets the specified requirements. The working speed of the steel drum shall not exceed 3km/h. After the initial pressure is completed. It should immediately form a straight line with a flat straight line. The grader flattens from both sides to the center of the road; In the flat curve section, the grader flattens from the inside out. If necessary, scrape it off again. Rolling is pressed to the center of the front, light to heavy. From slow to fast, the ultra-high part scrolls from inside to outside. The crushing of the drum must exceed two joint parts, and each part should be controlled within 2 hours from laying to rolling completion. When rolling, it is strictly prohibited to rotate the head and brake on the finished product or rolling section. After the crushing is completed, the drum should not stay on the roadbed for a long time.

　　接縫和調(diào)頭處理

　　Seam and turning treatment

　?。?）縱縫處理：道路寬度小于7m，垂直重疊較多。不適合半寬施工，應(yīng)考慮全寬施工。為了減少重疊量以提高施工效率，一般重疊寬度為50~150mm。當(dāng)兩個相鄰操作之間的間隔超過12h時。重疊量應(yīng)該增加。

　　(1) Longitudinal seam treatment: The road width is less than 7m and there is a lot of vertical overlap. Not suitable for half width construction, full width construction should be considered. In order to reduce overlap and improve construction efficiency, the overlap width is generally 50-150mm. When the interval between two adjacent operations exceeds 12h. The overlap should be increased.

　?。?）橫縫處理：形成的水平接縫應(yīng)小心處理，施工期間應(yīng)盡量減少停機(jī)現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)關(guān)閉超過水泥的初始凝固時間并重建再生器時，整個再生器必須縮回到距離再生段1.5米的距離，并且水泥必須重新鋪開。

　　(2) Horizontal joint treatment: The horizontal joints formed should be handled carefully, and the occurrence of downtime should be minimized as much as possible during construction. When the initial setting time of the cement is exceeded and the regenerator is rebuilt, the entire regenerator must be retracted to a distance of 1.5 meters from the regeneration section, and the cement must be spread out again.

　?。?）頭部調(diào)整處理：如果施工機(jī)械必須轉(zhuǎn)向已經(jīng)壓榨的舊瀝青路面地面上的冷再生層，應(yīng)采取措施保護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)彎操作部分。通常，將厚的塑料片或油氈紙覆蓋在約810米長的穩(wěn)定層上以便傾倒，然后鋪設(shè)約10厘米的土壤，并在機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)動后清潔土壤和碎屑。

　　(3) Head adjustment treatment: If the construction machinery must turn towards the cold recycled layer on the old asphalt pavement that has already been pressed, measures should be taken to protect the turning operation part. Usually, thick plastic sheets or felt paper are covered on a stable layer of about 8 to 10 meters long for dumping, followed by laying about 10 centimeters of soil and cleaning the soil and debris after mechanical rotation.

　　養(yǎng)護(hù)及封閉交通

　　Maintenance and closure of traffic

　　完成碾壓后，立即用草簾覆蓋養(yǎng)護(hù)。在養(yǎng)護(hù)期間，基層表面應(yīng)保持濕潤，養(yǎng)護(hù)期不應(yīng)少于7天。在養(yǎng)護(hù)期間，禁止其他車輛通過，并且噴灑器也以低于20/小時的速度行駛，并且不需要突然制動和急轉(zhuǎn)彎。

　　After completing the compaction, immediately cover and maintain with a grass curtain. During the maintenance period, the surface of the base layer should be kept moist, and the maintenance period should not be less than 7 days. During the maintenance period, other vehicles are prohibited from passing through, and the sprayer should also travel at a speed below 20 kilometers per hour without sudden braking or sharp turns.

　　質(zhì)量檢查

　　quality inspection

　　水泥冷再生基礎(chǔ)施工質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)由交通部標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JTG F80 / 1-2004“公路檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”進(jìn)行。

　　The quality inspection of cement cold recycling foundation construction is carried out in accordance with the Ministry of Transport standard JTG F80/1-2004 "Quality Evaluation Standards for Highway Inspection".

　　社會經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析

　　Analysis of Social and Economic Benefits

　　瀝青混凝土舊路冷再生技術(shù)具有簡化施工工藝，節(jié)約原材料，節(jié)省施工周期，保護(hù)環(huán)境等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，具有顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會效益。

　　The cold recycling technology for asphalt concrete old roads has the advantages of simplifying construction processes, saving raw materials, reducing construction periods, and protecting the environment. It has significant economic and social benefits.

　　1）在經(jīng)濟(jì)效率方面，冷再生工藝與其他半剛性基礎(chǔ)材料相比節(jié)省了以下成本：1舊路面銑刨和外部貨物；2基材（基層）原料成本；3原料運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用；4縮短了施工周期的成本。

　　1) In terms of economic efficiency, the cold recycling process saves the following costs compared to other semi-rigid base materials: 1. milling of old road surfaces and external goods; 2. Raw material cost for substrate (base layer); 3. Raw material transportation costs; 4. Shortened the cost of construction period.

　　2）在社會效益方面，冷再生基礎(chǔ)（基質(zhì)）技術(shù)的使用及時改善了道路狀況，提高了運(yùn)輸能力，緩解了運(yùn)輸緊張。而且養(yǎng)護(hù)期短，駕駛不受影響，表層不會像石灰穩(wěn)定的土基層，跑車上會產(chǎn)生灰塵，中斷時間大大縮短，車輛無需繞行，輿論和影響大大減少，其社會效益不可估量。

　　2) In terms of social benefits, the use of cold recycling technology has timely improved road conditions, increased transportation capacity, and alleviated transportation congestion. And the maintenance period is short, driving is not affected, the surface will not be like a lime stabilized soil base, dust will be generated on sports cars, interruption time is greatly shortened, vehicles do not need to detour, public opinion and influence are greatly reduced, and its social benefits are immeasurable.

　　市政道路的有效維護(hù)可以保證人們的出行，貨物運(yùn)輸和信息傳遞，與城市建設(shè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。同時，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)近年來國際社會倡導(dǎo)的減排目標(biāo)，已經(jīng)制定了道路冷再生技術(shù)，并通過有效利用原有的道路材料，改造舊的道路已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)。采用該技術(shù)有利于環(huán)境保護(hù)和材料回收利用。

　　The effective maintenance of municipal roads can ensure people's travel, cargo transportation, and information transmission, which is closely related to urban construction and economic development. At the same time, in order to achieve the energy-saving and emission reduction goals advocated by the international community in recent years, China has developed road cold recycling technology and has achieved the transformation of old roads by effectively utilizing existing road materials. Adopting this technology is beneficial for environmental protection and material recycling.

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