冷再生機租賃車是道路養(yǎng)護工程中用于舊路面再生利用的專用設備，能將舊瀝青路面、基層材料就地破碎、拌和并重新鋪筑，大幅減少材料浪費與運輸成本。其結構設計圍繞 “就地再生” 核心功能，融合了破碎、拌和、輸送等多重作業(yè)系統(tǒng)，各部分協(xié)同工作實現(xiàn)舊路面的翻新，了解其結構組成有助于更好地發(fā)揮設備性能。

　　Cold recycling machine rental vehicle is a specialized equipment used in road maintenance engineering for the recycling of old road surfaces. It can crush, mix and re pave old asphalt pavement and base materials on site, greatly reducing material waste and transportation costs. Its structural design revolves around the core function of "in-situ regeneration", integrating multiple operating systems such as crushing, mixing, and conveying. The collaborative work of each part achieves efficient renovation of old road surfaces. Understanding its structural composition helps to better utilize equipment performance.

　　底盤系統(tǒng)是冷再生機租賃車的承載基礎，決定了設備的行駛性能與作業(yè)穩(wěn)定性。多采用重型卡車底盤或?qū)Ｓ寐膸У妆P，卡車底盤機動性強，適合長距離轉(zhuǎn)場，行駛速度可達 60 / 小時以上，適合多個工地間的頻繁調(diào)動；履帶底盤接地比壓小，在松軟路面（如未成型路基）上行駛不易陷車，作業(yè)時穩(wěn)定性更好，適合大型路面再生工程。底盤車架采用高強度合金鋼材焊接而成，截面呈箱型結構，能承受工作裝置的巨大沖擊力和振動，車架與工作裝置連接部位裝有減震墊，減少作業(yè)時的振動對底盤部件（如發(fā)動機、變速箱）的影響。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)根據(jù)底盤類型不同而異，卡車底盤采用液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向，操作輕便靈活；履帶底盤則通過調(diào)節(jié)兩側(cè)履帶速度實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小，適合狹窄場地作業(yè)。

　　The chassis system is the load-bearing foundation of the cold recycling machine rental vehicle, which determines the driving performance and operational stability of the equipment. Heavy duty truck chassis or specialized track chassis are commonly used. The truck chassis has strong maneuverability and is suitable for long-distance transitions. The driving speed can reach over 60 kilometers per hour and is suitable for frequent transfers between multiple construction sites; The ground contact ratio of the tracked chassis is small, making it less likely to get stuck when driving on soft roads (such as unformed roadbeds). It has better stability during operation and is suitable for large-scale road regeneration projects. The chassis frame is made of high-strength alloy steel welded together, with a box shaped cross-section that can withstand the huge impact and vibration of the working device. The connection between the frame and the working device is equipped with shock pads to reduce the impact of vibration on chassis components (such as the engine and gearbox) during operation. The steering system varies depending on the chassis type. The truck chassis adopts hydraulic power steering, which is easy and flexible to operate; The tracked chassis can turn by adjusting the speed of the tracks on both sides, with a small turning radius and suitable for narrow field operations.

　　工作裝置是冷再生機的核心作業(yè)部件，直接完成舊路面的破碎、拌和與攤鋪。破碎轉(zhuǎn)子位于設備中部下方，是實現(xiàn)路面破碎的關鍵，轉(zhuǎn)子上均勻分布著高強度合金刀頭，刀頭材質(zhì)為耐磨合金鋼（含鉻、鉬等元素），能破碎瀝青混凝土、水泥穩(wěn)定碎石等堅硬材料，刀頭排列呈螺旋狀，確保破碎后的材料均勻分布。轉(zhuǎn)子的高度可通過液壓油缸調(diào)節(jié)，以控制破碎深度（通?？稍?0-30 厘米范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整），滿足不同再生層厚度要求。拌和裝置與破碎轉(zhuǎn)子同步工作，在破碎過程中向破碎后的材料噴灑再生劑（如乳化瀝青、水泥漿），并通過轉(zhuǎn)子葉片的旋轉(zhuǎn)將材料與再生劑充分拌和，拌和均勻度直接影響再生路面的強度，因此葉片角度經(jīng)過優(yōu)化設計，確保材料在轉(zhuǎn)子倉內(nèi)形成環(huán)流，與再生劑充分接觸。攤鋪裝置位于設備尾部，由刮板輸送機和熨平板組成，刮板輸送機將拌和后的材料輸送熨平板前方，熨平板通過液壓油缸調(diào)節(jié)高度和仰角，將材料攤鋪成設計厚度和橫坡，熨平板表面鍍鉻處理，減少材料粘連，保證攤鋪表面平整。

　　The working device is the core operating component of the cold recycling machine, which directly completes the crushing, mixing, and paving of the old road surface. The crushing rotor is located below the middle of the equipment and is the key to achieving road crushing. High strength alloy cutting heads are evenly distributed on the rotor, and the cutting head material is wear-resistant alloy steel (containing elements such as chromium and molybdenum), which can crush hard materials such as asphalt concrete and cement stabilized crushed stone. The cutting heads are arranged in a spiral shape to ensure uniform distribution of the crushed materials. The height of the rotor can be adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder to control the crushing depth (usually adjustable within the range of 0-30 centimeters) and meet different requirements for the thickness of the regeneration layer. The mixing device works synchronously with the crushing rotor, spraying regeneration agents (such as emulsified asphalt and cement slurry) onto the crushed material during the crushing process, and fully mixing the material with the regeneration agent through the rotation of the rotor blades. The uniformity of the mixing directly affects the strength of the regenerated road surface. Therefore, the blade angle is optimized to ensure that the material forms a circulation in the rotor compartment and fully contacts with the regeneration agent. The paving device is located at the rear of the equipment and consists of a scraper conveyor and an ironing board. The scraper conveyor transports the mixed material to the front of the ironing board, and the ironing board adjusts its height and elevation angle through a hydraulic cylinder to pave the material to the designed thickness and cross slope. The surface of the ironing board is chrome plated to reduce material adhesion and ensure a smooth paving surface.

　　動力系統(tǒng)為設備提供行駛與作業(yè)所需的動力，需滿足大功率、高可靠性要求。主發(fā)動機多采用大功率柴油發(fā)動機（功率通常在 200-500 馬力），具有低速大扭矩特性，作業(yè)時（破碎、拌和）發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)定在 1500-2000 轉(zhuǎn) / 分鐘，輸出強大動力；行駛時可降低轉(zhuǎn)速，節(jié)省燃油。發(fā)動機與工作裝置之間通過液壓傳動系統(tǒng)連接，液壓泵將發(fā)動機的機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能，通過液壓馬達驅(qū)動破碎轉(zhuǎn)子、輸送帶等部件，液壓系統(tǒng)壓力可達 30-40 兆帕，能提供穩(wěn)定的動力輸出，且便于實現(xiàn)無級調(diào)速，適應不同作業(yè)負荷。冷卻系統(tǒng)采用雙循環(huán)水冷設計，分別為發(fā)動機和液壓系統(tǒng)降溫，散熱器面積大，配備大功率風扇，確保設備在高溫環(huán)境（如夏季正午作業(yè)）下油溫、水溫不超過警戒值。

　　The power system provides the necessary power for the equipment to travel and operate, and must meet the requirements of high power and high reliability. The main engine often uses high-power diesel engines (usually with a power of 200-500 horsepower), which have low-speed and high torque characteristics. During operation (crushing, mixing), the engine speed remains stable at 1500-2000 revolutions per minute, outputting powerful power; When driving, the engine speed can be reduced to save fuel. The engine and the working device are connected through a hydraulic transmission system, and the hydraulic pump converts the mechanical energy of the engine into hydraulic energy. The hydraulic motor drives the crushing rotor, conveyor belt and other components. The hydraulic system pressure can reach 30-40 megapascals, providing stable power output and facilitating stepless speed regulation to adapt to different operating loads. The cooling system adopts a dual cycle water cooling design, which cools down the engine and hydraulic system respectively. The radiator has a large area and is equipped with a high-power fan to ensure that the oil and water temperatures of the equipment do not exceed the warning values in high temperature environments (such as working at noon in summer).

　　控制系統(tǒng)用于協(xié)調(diào)各系統(tǒng)工作，確保作業(yè)參數(shù)精準可控。操作控制臺位于駕駛室，配備液晶顯示屏和操作手柄，顯示屏實時顯示發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速、液壓系統(tǒng)壓力、破碎深度、再生劑噴灑量等關鍵參數(shù)，便于操作人員監(jiān)控設備狀態(tài)。破碎深度控制系統(tǒng)通過安裝在轉(zhuǎn)子兩側(cè)的深度傳感器，實時檢測轉(zhuǎn)子與地面的距離，操作人員可通過手柄設定目標深度，系統(tǒng)自動調(diào)節(jié)液壓油缸實現(xiàn)精準控制，誤差可控制在 ±1 厘米以內(nèi)。再生劑噴灑系統(tǒng)由流量傳感器和電磁控制閥組成，能根據(jù)破碎轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)速和前進速度自動調(diào)節(jié)噴灑量，確保再生劑與破碎材料的比例穩(wěn)定（如瀝青再生劑用量通常為材料重量的 3%-5%），比例偏差可控制在 ±0.3% 以內(nèi)，保證再生材料的強度。

　　The control system is used to coordinate the work of various systems, ensuring precise and controllable operation parameters. The operation console is located in the driver's cab and equipped with a LCD display screen and an operation handle. The display screen displays key parameters such as engine speed, hydraulic system pressure, crushing depth, and regeneration agent spray rate in real time, making it easy for operators to monitor the equipment status. The crushing depth control system detects the distance between the rotor and the ground in real time through depth sensors installed on both sides of the rotor. The operator can set the target depth through the handle, and the system automatically adjusts the hydraulic cylinder to achieve precise control, with an error controlled within ± 1 centimeter. The rejuvenator spraying system consists of a flow sensor and an electromagnetic control valve, which can automatically adjust the spraying amount according to the speed and forward speed of the crushing rotor, ensuring a stable ratio of rejuvenator to the crushed material (such as asphalt rejuvenator dosage is usually 3% -5% of the material weight), and the proportion deviation can be controlled within ± 0.3% to ensure the strength of the regenerated material.

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