瀝青路面就地冷再生的特點及應(yīng)用范圍

　　Characteristics and application scope of on-site cold recycling of asphalt pavement

　　瀝青路面就地冷再生是采用專用的再生設(shè)備，對瀝青路面進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場冷銑刨，破碎和篩分(必要時)，摻入一定數(shù)量的新集料、再生結(jié)合料（乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青）、活性填料(水泥、石灰等)、水，經(jīng)常溫拌和、攤鋪、碾壓等工序，一次性實現(xiàn)舊瀝青路面再生的技術(shù)。它包括瀝青層就地冷再生和全深式就地冷再生兩種方式。僅對瀝青混合料層進(jìn)行的就地冷再生稱為瀝青層就地冷再生；再生層既包括瀝青材料層又包括非瀝青材料層的再生，稱為全深式就地冷再生。瀝青路面就地冷再生技術(shù)具有以下優(yōu)點：

　　The on-site cold recycling of asphalt pavement is a technology that uses special recycling equipment to carry out on-site cold milling, crushing and screening (if necessary) of asphalt pavement, add a certain amount of new aggregate, recycled binder (emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt), active filler (cement, lime, etc.), water, and often warm mixing, paving, rolling and other processes to achieve the one-time recycling of old asphalt pavement. It includes two methods: in-situ cold recycling of asphalt layer and full depth in-situ cold recycling. The in-situ cold regeneration of asphalt mixture layer is called in-situ cold regeneration of asphalt layer; The regeneration layer includes both asphalt material layer and non asphalt material layer, which is called full depth in-situ cold regeneration. The on-site cold recycling technology for asphalt pavement has the following advantages:

　　(1)全部舊料就地再生，減少了新料的用量和開采，降低路面材料的運輸成本，減少環(huán)境污染、節(jié)約能源。

　　(1) All old materials are regenerated on site, reducing the amount and mining of new materials, lowering the transportation cost of road materials, reducing environmental pollution, and saving energy.

　　(2)可以縮短路面維修周期，簡化施工程序，降低施工成本。

　　(2) It can shorten the road maintenance cycle, simplify construction procedures, and reduce construction costs.

　　(3)了舊路面不規(guī)則裂縫,避免新鋪路面產(chǎn)生反射裂縫;

　　(3) Eliminating irregular cracks on the old road surface and avoiding reflection cracks on the newly paved road surface;

　　(4)降低路面維修成本，保持路面結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性，提高路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修質(zhì)量。

　　(4) Reduce the cost of road maintenance, maintain the integrity of road structure, and improve the quality of road maintenance and repair.

　　就地冷再生技術(shù)的種類

　　Types of on-site cold regeneration technology

　　根據(jù)新添再生粘結(jié)料的種類，就地冷再生技術(shù)可以大致分為摻水泥類、摻瀝青類和水泥瀝青綜合類。目前使用的再生粘結(jié)料有水泥、瀝青（乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青）、石灰、粉煤灰等，水泥和瀝青應(yīng)用較多，這些再生粘結(jié)料可以單獨摻加也可以按比例同時添加，采用何種再生添加料及添加的比例需要根據(jù)舊路面材料性能經(jīng)過試驗確定。1.水泥類就地冷再生水泥類就地冷再生方法是采用水泥作穩(wěn)定材料的再生方法。施工中有以下三種添加方式：

　　According to the types of newly added recycled binders, on-site cold recycling technology can be roughly divided into cement mixed, asphalt mixed, and cement asphalt comprehensive types. At present, the recycled binders used include cement, asphalt (emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt), lime, fly ash, etc. Cement and asphalt are widely used. These recycled binders can be added separately or at the same time in proportion. What kind of recycled binders to use and the proportion to add them need to be determined through tests according to the performance of old pavement materials. 1. In situ cold recycling of cement is a recycling method that uses cement as a stabilizing material. There are three ways to add during construction:

　　( l ）將固態(tài)粉狀水泥撒布在再生機(jī)前的被再生路面上，當(dāng)再生機(jī)經(jīng)過時，將其與被切削下的舊路鋪層材料一同進(jìn)行拌和。

　　(l) Spread solid powdered cement on the regenerated road surface in front of the regeneration machine, and mix it with the cut old pavement material when the regeneration machine passes by.

　　( 2 ）用專用水泥稀漿攪拌輸送車按比例連續(xù)地將水泥

　　(2) Use a dedicated cement slurry mixing and conveying truck to continuously mix cement in proportion

　　與水拌和成稀漿，通過計量控制系統(tǒng)直接噴灑進(jìn)再生機(jī)拌和罩殼內(nèi)，以保證水泥用量的精確性，同時也可以防止因刮風(fēng)而損失水泥材料和對環(huán)境的影響。( 3 ）采用專用的水泥撒布車布料，撒布車作為再生機(jī)組的一部分。采用粉狀水泥或稀漿方式添加，水泥用量一般為2—4 % （質(zhì)量百分比）之間，當(dāng)采用乳化瀝青作為再生添加劑時，添加量按質(zhì)量百分比為 0.5—7 % 。

　　Mix with water to form a slurry, which is directly sprayed into the mixing hood of the regeneration machine through a metering control system to ensure the accuracy of cement dosage and prevent the loss of cement materials and environmental impact caused by wind. (3) Use a dedicated cement spreader to distribute the fabric, which is part of the recycling unit. It is added by powder cement or slurry, and the cement dosage is generally between 2-4% (mass percentage). When emulsified asphalt is used as a recycled additive, the addition amount is 0.5-7% by mass percentage.

　　2.瀝青類就地冷再生

　　2. Asphalt on-site cold recycling

　　瀝青類就地冷再生方法是采用乳化瀝青作穩(wěn)定劑的再生方法，也可采用泡沫瀝青作為穩(wěn)定材料。泡沫瀝青由再生機(jī)上的泡沫瀝青輸送及噴灑系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生并直接噴灑進(jìn)再生機(jī)的拌和罩殼內(nèi)，一般還需加入少量水泥（ 1 ％一 2 % ），以使再生層獲得所需強(qiáng)度的同時，提高表層質(zhì)量，防止裂縫發(fā)生。乳化瀝青和泡沫瀝青通過主機(jī)上的計量控制系統(tǒng)自動添加。

　　In situ cold recycling method of asphalt is to use emulsified asphalt as stabilizer, or foam asphalt as stabilizing material. The foam asphalt is produced by the foam asphalt conveying and spraying system on the regenerator and directly sprayed into the mixing enclosure of the regenerator. Generally, a small amount of cement (1% -2%) is required to be added to make the regenerated layer obtain the required strength, improve the surface quality and prevent cracks. Emulsified asphalt and foam asphalt are automatically added through the metering control system on the host.

　　3.水泥、瀝青綜合就地冷再生綜合類就地冷再生是使用水泥和乳化瀝青作為再生劑的就地冷再生方法。使用水泥加上乳化瀝青可以減少乳化瀝青的用量，節(jié)省工程投資，另一方面，乳化瀝青的加人可以減低水泥穩(wěn)定層的剛性，因而減少反射裂縫。

　　3. Comprehensive on-site cold recycling of cement and asphalt is a method of on-site cold recycling that uses cement and emulsified asphalt as regenerants. The use of cement combined with emulsified asphalt can reduce the amount of emulsified asphalt used, save engineering investment. On the other hand, the addition of emulsified asphalt can reduce the rigidity of the cement stabilized layer, thereby reducing reflection cracks.

　　地冷再生瀝青混合料路面施工

　　Construction of ground cooled recycled asphalt mixture pavement

　　1.就地冷再生設(shè)備的要求瀝青路面現(xiàn)場冷再生機(jī)械主要由瀝青路面銑刨裝置、噴撒裝置、行走系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)等組成。地冷再生設(shè)備應(yīng)具有以下性能：（1）銑刨裝置的切削深度可精確控制。

　　1. Requirements for on-site cold recycling equipment: Asphalt pavement on-site cold recycling machinery mainly consists of asphalt pavement milling device, spraying device, walking system, and control system. The ground cooling regeneration equipment should have the following performance: (1) The cutting depth of the milling device can be precisely controlled.

　?。?）工作寬度不應(yīng)小于2.0m。

　　(2) The working width should not be less than 2.0m.

　?。?）噴灑計量精確可調(diào)，并與切削深度、施工速度、材料密度等聯(lián)動；噴嘴在工作寬度范圍內(nèi)均勻分布，各噴嘴可獨立開啟與關(guān)閉。

　　(3) The spraying measurement is precise and adjustable, and is linked to cutting depth, construction speed, material density, etc; The nozzles are evenly distributed within the working width range, and each nozzle can be independently opened and closed.

　?。?）使用泡沫瀝青時，還應(yīng)具備泡沫瀝青噴撒系統(tǒng)裝置。2.就地冷再生施工程序具體施工程序如下：

　　(4) When foam asphalt is used, foam asphalt spraying system device shall also be provided. 2. The specific construction procedure for on-site cold recycling is as follows:

　　（1）原材料性能檢測并滿足要求。（2）綜合考慮施工季節(jié)、氣候條件、再生作業(yè)段寬度、施工機(jī)械和運輸車輛的效率和數(shù)量、操作熟練程度、水泥終凝時間等因素，確定每個作業(yè)段長度。

　　(1) Raw material performance testing and meeting requirements. (2) Taking into account factors such as construction season, climate conditions, width of recycling operation section, efficiency and quantity of construction machinery and transportation vehicles, proficiency in operation, and final setting time of cement, determine the length of each operation section.

　　（3）添加新集料：為滿足再生路面的性能要求，還應(yīng)加入一定比例的新集料，主要有砂、碎石（石灰石、卵石、礫石）等，添加量視具體情況而定。

　　(3) Adding new aggregates: In order to meet the performance requirements of recycled pavement, a certain proportion of new aggregates should also be added, mainly including sand, crushed stones (limestone, pebbles, gravel), etc. The amount of addition depends on the specific situation.

　?。?）新舊材料的拌和：按照設(shè)定再生深度對路面進(jìn)行銑刨，并與預(yù)先撒布的新集料和預(yù)先撒布與動態(tài)加入的乳化瀝青、水泥及其它添加劑和水加以拌和。由于再生添加劑的不同，再生混合料拌和工藝過程也不同。

　　(4) Mixing of new and old materials: milling the road surface according to the set regeneration depth, and mixing it with pre spread new aggregates, pre spread and dynamically added emulsified asphalt, cement, other additives, and water. Due to the different types of recycled additives, the mixing process of recycled mixtures is also different.

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