舊有路面評價方法

Old pavement evaluation methods

冷再生前需要對就有路面情況進行評價。尚無專門針對冷再生的路面評價方法，多采用普通的舊路評價方法。

Before cold regeneration, it is necessary to evaluate the existing road conditions. There is no specific road surface evaluation method for cold regeneration, and ordinary old road evaluation methods are often used.

比較有代表性的方法有：同濟大學“干線公路路面評價養(yǎng)護系統(tǒng)成套技術”，該方法把路面使用性能分為行駛質量、路面破損和結構承載能力三個方面，對路面破損采用扣分法，即路面損壞狀況由損壞類型、嚴重程度、范圍或密度這三個方面來表征。

A representative method is Tongji University's "Complete set of technology for evaluating and maintaining the road surface of trunk highways". This method divides the road surface performance into three aspects: driving quality, road surface damage, and structural bearing capacity. The road surface damage is characterized by three aspects: damage type, severity, range, or density, using a deduction method.

年交通部頒布并實施了《公路瀝青路面養(yǎng)護技術規(guī)范》該規(guī)范把路面使用質量分為路面破損狀況（PCI評價）、行駛質量（國際平整度指數(shù)評價）、強度（彎沉評價）及抗滑性能（橫向力系數(shù)或擺式儀擺值評價）四個方面，后根據(jù)公路等級、交通量、分項路況評價結果確定維修對策。

In, the Ministry of Transport issued and implemented the "Technical Specification for Maintenance of Asphalt Pavement on Highways", which divides the quality of pavement use into four aspects: pavement damage condition (PCI evaluation), driving quality (International Roughness Index evaluation), strength (deflection evaluation), and anti-skid performance (lateral force coefficient or pendulum value evaluation). Maintenance strategies are then determined based on the evaluation results of highway grade, traffic volume, and sub road conditions.

滬寧高速公路擴建工程采用以下兩種方法評價原路面結構層的損壞狀況和承載力，以決定其再利用方式：

The expansion project of the Shanghai Nanjing Expressway adopts the following two methods to evaluate the damage condition and bearing capacity of the original pavement structure layer, in order to determine its reuse method:

①采用2004年彎沉檢測數(shù)據(jù)（100m代表值）進行路況評價，滿足設計彎沉的充分利用，不滿足彎沉要求的挖除重建；

① Using the 2004 deflection detection data (100m representative value) for road condition evaluation, it meets the full utilization of design deflection, and excavates and reconstructs those that do not meet the deflection requirements;

②以間距100m將原路面分段，計算每段路的路面綜合評價指數(shù)RCQI（road condition quality index），根據(jù)RCQI制定維修方案。

② Divide the original road surface into sections with a spacing of 100m, calculate the road condition quality index (RCQI) for each section, and develop a maintenance plan based on RCQI.

以上道路評價方法是從道路維護角度出發(fā)的，不是針對再生的，這些方法用于再生前評價不完全合適。為解決這個問題需進一步研究再生前評價。

The above road evaluation methods are from the perspective of road maintenance, not for regeneration, and they are not entirely suitable for pre regeneration evaluation. To address this issue, further research is needed on pre regeneration evaluation.

取料方法

Material collection method

分析了就地熱再生、工廠熱再生、全深度冷再生取料方法。

Analyzed the methods of geothermal regeneration, factory hot regeneration, and full depth cold regeneration for material extraction.

現(xiàn)場取料一般是借鑒國外經驗，要求對于同一個路段，一般少要取5-6個試樣，每1km路段或市政道路的每個街區(qū)少取5個，試樣通常采用鉆芯或小型冷銑刨機獲取[2]。

On site sampling is generally based on foreign experience, requiring at least 5-6 samples to be taken for the same road section, and at least 5 samples to be taken for every 1km road section or municipal road block. Samples are usually obtained using drilling cores or small cold milling machines.

料堆取料可按照現(xiàn)行《公路路基路面現(xiàn)場測試規(guī)程》（JTG E60-2008）進行[3]。

The collection of materials from the pile can be carried out in accordance with the current "On site Testing Regulations for Highway Roadbeds and Pavements" (JTG E60-2008).

美國的問卷調查顯示8個地區(qū)鉆芯和銑刨，10個只鉆芯，5個只銑刨。要求大粒徑的范圍是19mm-75mm，其中以31.75mm為常見。另外有四個地區(qū)無大粒徑限制。

A survey in the United States shows that there are 8 regions for drilling and milling, with 10 regions only for drilling and 5 regions only for milling. The range of required large particle size is 19mm-75mm, with 31.75mm being the most common. In addition, there are four regions without large particle size restrictions.

銑刨料性質分析

Analysis of properties of milling and planing materials

銑刨材料研究的是集料的級配和殘留瀝青的性質。銑刨級配分為再生料級配和抽提后級配。

The focus of research on milling materials is on the gradation of aggregates and the properties of residual asphalt. Milling grading is divided into recycled material grading and extracted grading.

級配分析表明，較之初始級配，再生料的級配偏細，這是長期行車荷載造成的集料破碎和銑刨過程中集料被打碎導致的。進行穩(wěn)定再生有時需要加入新集料才能得到恰當?shù)募壟洹?/p>

The gradation analysis shows that compared to the initial gradation, the gradation of recycled materials is finer, which is caused by the crushing of aggregates caused by long-term driving loads and the crushing of aggregates during milling. Stable regeneration sometimes requires the addition of new aggregates to obtain appropriate gradation.

對于舊瀝青的性能，目前分析主要其針入度、軟化點、延度和粘度[4][5][6]。部分研究者用旋轉薄膜烘箱試驗研究了舊瀝青的老化性能[7]，認為舊瀝青仍然可以繼續(xù)老化。

For the performance of old asphalt, current analysis mainly focuses on its penetration, softening point, ductility, and viscosity [4] [5] [6]. Some researchers have studied the aging performance of old asphalt using a rotating thin film oven test [7], and believe that old asphalt can still continue to age.

總結分析了再生劑性能的文獻資料，RAP材料的瀝青含量一般較高，目前資料上看常見的路油量范圍為4.2%-4.8%。

After summarizing and analyzing the literature on the performance of rejuvenators, it was found that the asphalt content of RAP materials is generally high. Currently, the common range of road oil content in the literature is 4.2% -4.8%.

冷再生材料級配

Cold recycled material grading

國內研究中常見的路面級配：水泥冷再生材料一般選用《公路路面基層施工技術規(guī)范》中的級配范圍；瀝青（+水泥）穩(wěn)定類材料篇采用路面設計規(guī)范中的AC13或AC20級配范圍，也有采用再生規(guī)范中的級配范圍。

Common pavement gradation in domestic research: Cement cold recycled materials are generally selected within the gradation range specified in the Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Pavement Bases; The asphalt (+cement) stabilized materials section adopts the AC13 or AC20 grading range in the pavement design specifications, as well as the grading range in the regeneration specifications.

其他曾經使用的級配有：維特根手冊中的級配范圍、ARRA法中的級配范圍、貝雷法控制級配，也有研究者自行設計級配。

Other previously used grading methods include the grading range in the Wittgen Handbook, the grading range in the ARRA method, the Berry method for controlling grading, and some researchers designing their own grading.

冷再生材料成形

Cold recycled material forming

冷再生材料的性質與傳統(tǒng)道路材料不完全相同，因而對成形的要求也不完全相同。冷再生材料按再生劑大致可以區(qū)分為兩類：

The properties of cold recycled materials are not completely the same as traditional road materials, so the requirements for forming are also not completely the same. Cold recycled materials can be roughly divided into two categories based on the regeneration agent:

無機再生劑和瀝青再生劑，瀝青再生時往往加入少量水泥以提高其抗水損壞能力。常用的無機再生劑是水泥，其他還有二灰、水泥粉煤灰等。

Inorganic rejuvenators and asphalt rejuvenators often add a small amount of cement to improve their resistance to water damage during asphalt regeneration. The commonly used inorganic rejuvenator is cement, and there are other types such as fly ash and cement fly ash.

無機穩(wěn)定冷再生一般按照傳統(tǒng)的半剛性材料進行成形和養(yǎng)生。常溫下進行重型擊實試驗或者振動擊實試驗，在20℃或者25℃下養(yǎng)生7天。

Inorganic stable cold regeneration is generally formed and cured using traditional semi-rigid materials. Conduct heavy compaction test or vibration compaction test at room temperature, and maintain for 7 days at 20 ℃ or 25 ℃.

通過含水量-強度關系確定佳含水量。瀝青穩(wěn)定劑冷再生時的情況比較復雜，尚無統(tǒng)一方法。

Determine the optimal moisture content through the relationship between moisture content and strength. The situation during cold regeneration of asphalt stabilizers is quite complex, and there is no unified method yet.

冷再生材料組成設計方法常見的方法是用擊實法確定佳液體量，用馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度、干劈裂強度、濕劈裂強度中的一個或幾個達到優(yōu)來確定瀝青用量。

The common method for designing the composition of cold recycled materials is to use the compaction method to determine the optimal liquid volume, and to use one or more of Marshall stability, dry splitting strength, and wet splitting strength to determine the optimal asphalt dosage.